Contraception is the term used for the prevention of pregnancy. There are numerous methods to prevent a pregnancy: The use of hormone medications, contraceptive devices (barriers), and surgery. However, these methods are not all equally reliable. Vasectomy is the easiest form of surgical sterilization, it should be considered as a permanent form of birth control, through vasectomy reversal procedure is difficult.  It is expensive and not available in most areas of the world. RISUG (Reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance) is a non-hormonal male contraceptive and it could be reversed easily. In male monkeys pretreated vas occluded with RISUG has been attempted on the level of semen physical parameters, semen biochemistry, and its non-invasive reversal procedure has been assessed through palpation, percutaneous electrical stimulation of the vas deferens, vibratory movement, suprapubic percussion, and rectal digital massage of the vas deferens in all injected monkeys after vas occluded. The result revealed that following non-invasive reversal narmospermia obtained after two successive ejaculations in all the animals and did not show any remarkable changes in semen physical and chemical parameters. Thus it shows that the RISUG is effective for male contraceptive as well as reversed through non-invasive procedure and has no any adverse effects.

Microspheres are spherical and free flowing particles ranging in average particle size from 1 to 50 microns which consist of proteins or synthetic polymers. Some of the problems overcome by producing control drug delivery system which enhances the therapeutic efficacy of a given drug. One such approach is using microspheres as carriers for drugs. The target site drug delivers with Specificity and maintains the concentration at site of interest without untoward effects. It will find the central place in novel drug delivery. Drugs can be targeted to specific sites in the body using microspheres. Degree of targeting can be achieved by localization of the drug to a specific area in body (for example in lungs), to a particular group of cells (for example, kupffer cells) and even to the intracellular structures (as lysosomes or cell nucleus). The rate of drug release from the microspheres dictates their therapeutic action. Release is governed by the molecular structure of the drug and the polymer, the resistance of the polymer to degradation, and the surface area along with the porosity of the microspheres.